12.11.06
Posted in competitive, Glossary of Important Terms, Collaborative Testing, Collaborative Learning, Cooperative Learning, Team-Assisted Individualization, Research Development Project at 12:53 am by youngsah
Collaborative Learning - This term sometimes used interchangeably with cooperative learning. Sometimes used to refer to cooperative learning that occurs more informally.
Collaborative Testing - testing groups or pairs of students rather than testing students individually. Grades can be given individually or as a group. Generally decreases test anxiety, increases performance, and in some cases increases the time students study for the test.
Competitive Learning - students learning individually or in groups. Either groups or individuals compete for grades or other recognition.
Cooperative Learning - students learning together in small groups that have some kind of common goal. There are many different methods of cooperative learning. This term sometimes used interchangeably with collaborative learning.
Group investigation – cooperative learning strategy by Sharan and Hertz-Lazarowtz where different groups investigate a subtopic and then the groups present what they’ve learned to the whole class.
Jigsaw method - method of cooperative learning. Students work in small groups (5-6 people) where each student is or a couple students are assigned to research part of the thing they are learning. After that individual work is done they go back to the group and teach that part to the rest of the group.
Scripted Cooperation – A peer learning method by O’Donnell, et. Al. that gives pairs (typically) of students a scripted approach to tackle a lesson that involves summarizing information followed by elaboration and criticism of the summary.
TAI (Team Assisted Instruction) - type of cooperative learning. 4 member heterogeneous ability teams. Students work both independently and as a team and are graded individually and as a team.
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10.22.06
Posted in Collaborative Testing, Healthcare, Annotated References - RDP readings at 5:58 pm by youngsah
Mitchell, N., and Melton, S. (2003). Collaborative testing: An innovative approach to test taking. Nurse Educator, 28(2), pp. 95-7.
This is about the use of collaborative testing to decrease anxiety and increase learning among nursing students. Students take the test then have a period of time (10 minutes in this case) where they can discuss answers with a partner and change answers if they see fit. The exams are graded in such a way that any answers changed in the collaboration period are not worth as much as original answers. They tried this cooperative method because of the author’s reading of educational research, the anxiety, and poor results of nursing students on certain subjects, and the cooperative nature of being a nurse. The authors found increased performance, decreased anxiety, and increased study time when collaborative testing was employed. The authors go on to talk about cooperative testing in other disciplines.
So, healthcare learning, yes. This article takes me back to my days as a grader in a dental school. Yes, those students would have liked a collaborative test. I know I did. I actually had a collaborative math test once in high school. I had always wondered whether anyone else did that sort of thing. It does certainly take down the anxiety. There’s always the problem of student evaluation (which pops up in all cooperative learning). Interestingly enough we were just discussing this issue in TE 150. I had our class discuss whether it was more, less, or just as important to know what a student could do on his/her own (Piaget) or to know what a student could do with help (Vygotsky and ZPD). Evaluation does center on this debate
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